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Lose 30 lbs in 13 Weeks?

Not only possible, in fact, discover how lacking a key constituent in Trim PM causes black bears to gain hundreds of pounds. …Or how to stop programming your body to store fat without even knowing it.

… and maybe most interesting, Trim PM wasn’t even designed as a “diet pill” but to address so many of the health concerns that those struggling with weight face every day.

 
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and drug administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. In a randomized 13-week clinical trial, participants supplementing with the key proprietary compound in Trim AM PM, lost 30 pounds versus only 11 pounds for the diet only group! Both groups followed 1, 850 and 1, 350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Female participants lost a whopping 24.6 pounds versus only 8.1 pounds with diet alone. That’s right, about 3 times a weight loss, amazing.
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Frequently Asked Questions

Lose 30 lbs in 13 Weeks?

Not only possible, in fact, discover how lacking a key constituent in Trim PM causes black bears to gain hundreds of pounds. …Or how to stop programming your body to store fat without even knowing it … and maybe most interesting, Trim PM wasn’t even designed as a “diet pill” but to address so many of the health concerns that those struggling with weight face every day.

So Could “Trim PM along with its daytime counterpart Trim AM” ™ really help you lose 30lbs in 13 weeks?  Come on ….  that’s outrageous … really … and furthermore, at the same time help LDL- HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin, and cortisol the fat storing hormone, all be improved? Come on, that’s really, really outrageous, isn’t it?

…Well, not only is it true, but in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study recently published, not only did the subjects lose a bit over 30 pounds in 90 days (177) with these key constituents, but many very important “health-markers” such as cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and cortisol were also improved!

 (177)In a multicenter randomized 13 week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30.86 pounds versus only 11.02 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1,850 and 1,350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement.In a multicenter randomized 13-week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30 pounds versus only11 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1, 850 and 1, 350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right, 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement.

Furthermore, maybe even more interesting, when you break out the female subjects in the study, they lost an amazing 25 pounds in only 13 weeks. The reason that this is so incredibly significant is because women have such difficulty losing weight. And being that women are typically about 30%-50% smaller than men, a 25-pound weight loss in 13 weeks is profoundly significant and promising especially if you are a woman (177)In a multicenter randomized 13 week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30.86 pounds versus only 11.02 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1,850 and 1,350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement..

However, before diving deeper into this clinical study and the results you could expect, it’s first important to understand product design and how this “formula” really works (177)In a multicenter randomized 13 week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30.86 pounds versus only 11.02 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1,850 and 1,350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement.. After all, you don’t want to take something that’s loaded with caffeine or ephedra or can make you sick, do you? Of course not, and one of the really interesting and significant aspects of the study is the safety and health profile which is important to understand.

Finally, a Diet Pill That’s Really Good for You Too

That’s right, wouldn’t it be great if there was a “diet pill” that actually was really, incredibly healthy for you? Something that you could take and at the same time make you healthier? You see what’s remarkable about this “diet pill” is that it was never designed to actually be a diet pill… Hold on we’re getting ahead of ourselves … Okay we’ll get to that soon but this formula was really designed just to address a lot of the health issues that those challenged with weight face… Until some startling results filtered in.

Let’s first start at the beginning, and analyze the design of this new amazing formula and how it exactly works and if it really does work. After all, that’s what’s most important to you, isn’t it?

In order to be as transparent as possible and to give you all the information so you can make a wise decision, kindly notice the citations and references indicated by the small number sign (#). You will find a corresponding number at the end of this report so you can look at all the studies, references and citations for yourself.

The Overwhelming Proof

So to be perfectly and completely clear, all the important information about the weight loss and some other benefits that are made will either be supported with the relevant information relating to the scientific claim (including studies or references) at the time you are reading the claim. Or the scientific claim will be identified by a “superscript” (example (1)) that is then “footnoted”, a.k.a. in the scientific circles as “end noted”, at the end of this report with all the studies, references, and citations to support the information. So this way you truly can make a great decision regarding losing the weight and keeping it off.

General Sciences™ and its team of researchers set out on a mission to develop the greatest, most effective formula ever, but also maybe most importantly “good for you”. Something that you could feel comfortable and great taking every day for the rest your life, something that had nutrients that contributed to your overall well-being and health, not just weight loss.

A Diet Pill That Really, Really Works

To be clear, this is not “copycat research” that all of the other “diet pills” use with limited success for weight loss. This is endless research, hours combing through studies, and the groundbreaking data that just plain and simple, makes this product something that you will love using.

To put it plainly you will become a “raving fan” of Trim PM and its daytime counterpart Trim AM because it works (177)In a multicenter randomized 13 week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30.86 pounds versus only 11.02 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1,850 and 1,350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement.. After all, that’s probably all you really care about, isn’t it? You just want something that you feel great taking and really makes a difference, don’t you?

30 Years in the Making

Hypothesis–the design of this “diet pill” is the culmination of well over 30 years involved in some way in weight loss research. Before actually getting into the science, it’s important that you understand the hypothesis that is needed to be proved and more importantly, solved. Because if solved, weight loss struggles could possibly be a thing of the past.

Over the years of being involved in weight loss research, certain coincidences, particular commonalities and interesting concurrences began to become very clear. And it was noted that those challenged with weight had other very fascinating parallels that were clearly not simply coincidences.

One couldn’t help but wonder, after being involved in scientific weight loss research for so many years, that these correlations may very well be the formation for a premise that could very well lead to resolving many weight loss issues.

Furthermore, of considerable and notable interest was exactly the “factors” in the last 30 to 40 years that caused obesity to go out of control and what exactly could and should be done to ensure that you lose the weight and keep it off.

Addressing the health challenges that so many face…

This led to noticing that those most challenged with obesity had at least “5” of these other challenges, and the more obese, the more challenges:

  • high blood pressure (130/85 mmHg or higher)
  • mood swings
  • depression
  • feelings of being overwhelmed
  • trouble sleeping
  • daytime sleepiness
  • low energy levels
  • uncontrollable cravings
  • chocolate cravings
  • diabetes
  • large waistline
  • acid reflux
  • angina
  • anxiety and panic attacks
  • arthritis
  • asthma
  • constipation
  • high cholesterol
  • diabetes
  • easily fatigued
  • heart disease
  • inflammation
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • kidney stones
  • muscle cramps
  • muscle spasms
  • muscle twitching
  • skin tags
  • numbness
  • PMS
  • cavities and tooth decay
  • premature facial wrinkles
  • sugar cravings
  • increased urination especially at night (waking up to urinate)
  • headaches
  • fatigue
  • easy frustration
  • low passion for life
  • low glucose control
  • high triglycerides
  • low HDL (good cholesterol) cholesterol levels (men <40mg/dl, women <50mg/dl
  • high fasting blood sugar (100-125mg/dl considered prediabetic)
  • excessive blood clotting
  • cravings for HFCS (high fructose corn syrup, found in soda, candy, canned foods, cereals, etc.)
  • awakening once or more at night
  • sleeping less than 8 hours a night
  • So was it the obesity causing these symptoms… or was it these symptoms causing obesity?

… And so, born was the mission to find out.

A Real Paradigm Change in Weight Loss Technology

In addition, are you even ready for a completely new paradigm relating to weight loss and the best approach? After all, the concept of a spherical earth dates back to the 6th century BC when mentioned in Greek philosophy, but remained as speculation until the 3rd century BC when Hellenistic astronomy established the Earth’s round shape. But because change was resisted, it wasn’t until almost 2000 years later with Ferdinand Magellan in 1519, that this change in thinking became widely accepted as fact.

Overwhelming Proof That it Works

Yes, change is difficult… In this video report we’re going to overwhelm you with science, in some cases to support a completely different way of thinking, with multiple studies, reliable third-party published quotes and overwhelming proof that you will be able to check out for yourself.

One of the first “certain coincidences, particular commonalities” that needed to be investigated, was the relationship between those challenged with weight and with trouble sleeping, daytime sleepiness, restless sleeping, getting up at night, low energy levels and feeling tired during the day.

Was it a coincidence that one of the big complaints of many challenged with weight was difficulty with sleeping, daytime tiredness, and lack of energy? In other words, was it weight gain issues causing problems with sleeping and energy levels or was it the exact opposite?

To be clear, was it possible that poor sleep causes weight gain or that proper healthy deep sleep could in turn be the secret to long-term weight loss? Could somehow, being able to sleep soundly and deeply, actually cause you to lose the weight and keep it off? And giving you more energy during the daytime, in turn burning more calories? And could there be some other relationship between some of the other symptoms listed? Hummm ...

Can Deep Sleep Really Help Me Lose Weight?

Yes, you’re probably still saying something like “you’re pulling my leg, really I can sleep my way trim?” Come on, it’s hard to believe, isn’t it? If you looked at the science 10 or 20 years ago with the question, what’s the most important thing that you can do to lose weight, it probably wouldn’t have been deep sleep. Even though any time weight loss clients are surveyed, sleep was overwhelmingly one of their biggest problems and complaints, after of course, losing the weight. Sleep is obviously important for health, energy, and possibly even for weight reduction, but the evidence was not as clear years ago like it is today. Today, the gravity of the evidence is overwhelmingly clear.

But I’m sleepy all the time… and I’m fat. That’s right; when you’re awake you should not be sleepy. If you’re sleepy, it may very well likely mean that you’re not sleeping soundly, deeply, efficiently, and for the proper length of time.

You can’t help but wonder, is it the lack of sleep that’s causing obesity? Or is it the obesity causing the lack of sleep? Whatever it is, what’s clear is that proper, uninterrupted deep sleep needs to be the goal, without using sleeping pills or drugs, and here’s why.

The evidence that deep sleep helps with weight loss is truly profound. For example, there are no fewer than 18 studies that support deep sleep and weight loss: First, can deep sleep really cause you to lose weight? Well let’s see… Here is the actual science…

    • In a study published in the Journal of Obesity, sleep deprived men bought almost 1300 more calories in food than those that were well rested. Think about that for a minute, that’s over a pound every three days (in a year that’s over 100 pounds, if repeated daily)! Plain and simple, in just short of 40 years in the weight loss nutrition industry, there is not anything more profound than this study published in the Journal of Obesity. 1300 calories a day is an enormous amount of energy to be either stored as fat or burnt off relating to sleep! Truly amazing.  Honestly, maybe too amazing and if that’s the only study there was, it probably should be dismissed as outrageous or over-the-top but…

In a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, in those that got a good night’s sleep, their “resting metabolism” was a stunning 5% higher than those that didn’t get enough sleep. Even more amazing is that those that slept well burned an incredible 20% more calories after a meal compared to the sleep deprived. Consider this, if all you did was sleep deeply and soundly and your metabolism increased 5% and you burned 20% more calories after a meal, what would that mean to you?

What would that mean, what would that equate to in a year if you could experience the same thing every day? A 5% increase in metabolism, what exactly would that mean to you? For example, if your metabolism burned 2000 calories a day, a 5% increase would be 100 calories a day or about 10 pounds of weight loss per year just for getting a good night’s sleep!  Think about that, that’s remarkable.

If you burned 20% more calories after a meal, what would that mean to you? Again, if you consumed 2000 calories a day, and you burned 20% more than before because you’re sleeping deeply and soundly now, and you experienced the same results of those in the study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition? Burning 20% more calories after a meal would mean about 400 more calories a day or 41 pounds of weight loss per year. Just for simply sleeping, that’s right, for getting a good night’s sleep, think about that.

  • In a study conducted by the University of Chicago, people eating the exact same diet of 1450 calories a day, the ones that had a full night sleep (8 ½ hours) lost twice the fat as those that were sleep deprived (5 ½ hours). Think about that, two times the fat lost by just deep healthy sleep!What else can you think of that can cause you 2 times the fat loss? That’s right, for simply sleeping 8 ½ hours losing twice the amount of fat versus being sleep deprived with only 5 ½ hours of sleep.
    • In a study done by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, they found that sleep-restricted subjects were more likely to consume calories that they didn’t need, which could cause weight gain of up to 2 pounds a week! Yes, you heard that correctly, two pounds a week! These results relating to sleep or deep sleep are simply astonishing. What else can you think of that you can do that’s easier than sleep deep and at the same time lose 2 pounds a week? If you could do that every week for one year, that’s a whopping 100 pounds per year! Can you see why according to the studies, deep sleep could very well be the most important thing that you can do to lose the weight and keep it off?
    • In a Swedish study, sleep deprived subjects were asked to complete a computerized portion size food choice. Here the sleep deprived subjects added 35 more calories to their snacks than those that had a good night sleep.
    • Researchers at the Harvard Medical School, measuring brain activity scans in response to high calorie foods, demonstrated a reduction in ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity (the area of the brain involved in inhibition and behavior control), explaining a tendency to overeat when tired. Finally, there’s a study that not only covers the benefits of sleep relating to weight loss, but even offers a scientific explanation as to why and exactly what happens in the brain when tired.
    • A Columbia University study showed increased activity in the insular cortex (pleasure seeking behavior regulator), in turn making it more difficult to choose healthy foods, because unhealthy junk foods activate this pleasure seeking regulator….And still another study explaining scientifically what exactly happens.
    • University of Chicago researchers found that lack of sleep caused insulin (the fat storing hormone) sensitivity to go down by a whopping 30%. Once again, insulin is a fat storing hormone and a whopping 30% increase is disastrous if you’re looking to lose the weight and keep it off, isn’t it? In other words, if your insulin resistance goes down a massive 30%, your pancreas has to produce theoretically 30% more insulin in order to get blood sugar (glucose) into the muscles to fuel them. But that’s also 30% more fat storing hormone (insulin) being fed to your body. Is it a wonder why then in turn, lack of sleep may cause weight gain?
    • In a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, it was found that people that don’t get enough sleep are more likely to be hungry, because the body needs more energy to stay awake.
    • A University of Colorado study showed that losing just a few hours of sleep at night for a few nights in a row caused people to pack on an average of about 2 pounds!  This is stunning, isn’t it?
    • In the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, it said that six hours or less of sleep triggers your brain to desire more food, stimulating Ghrelin (a hunger hormone) and reducing leptin (the less leptin you produce the more your stomach feels empty).
    • Shape magazine wrote an article entitled Why Sleep Is the No.1 Most Important Thing for a Better Body, and went on to say “lack of rest makes you crave food”, “When you don’t sleep enough, your Cortisol levels rise. This is the stress hormone that is frequently associated with fat gain. …  A combination of high Ghrelin and Cortisol shut down the areas of your brain that leave you feeling satisfied after a meal, meaning you are feeling hungry all the time – even if you just ate a big meal”. And that’s the exact quote, amazing isn’t it?The evidence between proper sleep and weight loss is clearly overwhelming, but that’s only part of the story.
  • Web MD, in an article about sleep and weight loss wrote “… Quality of sleep (that is, getting the right amount of “deep sleep”) is just as important as the quantity of sleep. …  Decreased amounts of restorative deep or slow wave sleep have been associated with significantly reduced levels of growth hormone, a protein that helps regulate the body’s proportions of fat and muscle during adulthood.”

But It’s Much Deeper Than Just Sleep

  • In a recent study published in the Journal of  The American Medical Association (December 2003), 3000 veterans ages 50 to 75 consumed 645 IU of Vitamin D along with 4 g of fiber and experienced a 40% reduction in developing the risk of precancerous colon polyps.
  • In a study conducted at Boston University, sufferers of high blood pressure were exposed to “broad-spectrum lights” that boosted their Vitamin D levels by over 100%, and experienced high blood pressure levels that became incredibly normalized. The possible theory is that a hormone called “renin” is reduced which plays a role in high blood pressure regulation.
  • In a study written about in the issue of Neurology, January 13, 2004, women that got at least 400 IU vitamin D were 40% less likely to develop multiple sclerosis compared to those not taking Vitamin D.
  • Children receiving 1200 IU of vitamin D for 4 months reduced their risk of getting the flu by over 40% (145)Mahan, L. Kathleen and Escott-Stump, Sylvia. Krause’s Food & Nutrition Therapy, 12th edition, Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, MS, Copyright 2008.
  • There are numerous studies on Diabetes support, and here are just a few. There are a number of observational studies that have supported an inverse relationship between blood concentrations of Vitamin D and the risk of type II diabetes. In other words, insufficient Vitamin D levels may have an adverse effect on insulin secretion and glucose tolerance, in turn increasing the risk of type II diabetes (146)Scragg R, et al. Serum 25OHD, diabetes, and ethnicity in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care, 2004. (147)Chiu KC, et al. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with inulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr, 2004..
  • A 2011 review that examined studies and the relationship with how much Vitamin D people were getting, found that people with higher Vitamin D levels, had decreased chance of getting type II diabetes compared to those that had low levels of Vitamin D (148)Mitri J, Muraru MD, Pittas Ag. Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2011..
  • In 2013, researchers combined studies and found that for every 4ng/ml increase in Vitamin D in the blood, there was a 4% reduced risk of getting type II diabetes later in life. (149)Song Y, et al. Blood 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and incident type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, May 2013. Now that’s, plain and simple, astonishing.
  • may help protect cataract formation (187)Maitra I, Serbinova E, Trischler H, Packer L. Alpha-lipoic acid prevents buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataract formation in newborn rats. Free Radic Biol Med. 1995;18(4):823-9.
  • may help with bone loss (188)Koh JM, Lee YS, Byun CH, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid suppresses osteoclastogenesis despite increasing the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio in human bone marrow stromal cells. J Endocrinol. 2005;185(3):401-13. (189)Ha H, Lee JH, Kim HN, et al. alpha-Lipoic acid inhibits inflammatory bone resorption by suppressing prostaglandin E2 synthesis. J Immunol. 2006;176(1):111-7.
  • may reduce intensity and frequency of migraines (190)Magis D, Ambrosini A, Sándor P, Jacquy J, Laloux P, Schoenen J. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thioctic acid in migraine prophylaxis. Headache. 2007;47(1):52-7.
  • help improve visual function in those with glaucoma (191)Filina AA, Davydova NG, Endrikhovskiĭ SN, Shamshinova AM. (Lipoic acid as a means of metabolic therapy of open-angle glaucoma). Vestn Oftalmol. 1995;111(4):6-8.
  • helps protect against cataract formation (192)Maitra I, Serbinova E, Trischler H, Packer L. Alpha-lipoic acid prevents buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataract formation in newborn rats. Free Radic Biol Med. 1995;18(4):823-9.
  • helps improve skin texture (185)Beitner H. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind study on the clinical efficacy of a cream containing 5% alpha-lipoic acid related to photoageing of facial skin. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(4):841-9.
  • increases insulin sensitivity (183)Gu XM, Zhang SS, Wu JC, et al. (Efficacy and safety of high-dose α-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy). Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2010;90(35):2473-6. (184)Heinisch BB, Francesconi M, Mittermayer F, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid improves vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a placebo-controlled randomized trial. Eur J Clin Invest. 2010;40(2):148-54. (186)Kamenova P. Improvement of insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid. Hormones (Athens). 2006;5(4):251-8.

So How Do I Maximize My Results?

Dr. Ron Rosedale MD in an article published April 2, 2013 entitled “insulin: it’s critical role in chronic illness” wrote ““what does insulin do?” “It lowers your blood sugar.” Yeah, but you’ll see, it does a lot more. It increases fat storage and uptake through an enzyme called lipoprotein lipase.

A ton of research right now is going on lipoprotein lipase; insulin turns it on. You cannot get fat without it.…” Dr. Rosedale goes on to say “you cannot burn fat when insulin levels are high.…”  That’s pretty simple to understand, isn’t it?

Most of the constituents in Trim PM along with its daytime counterpart Trim AM were added to the formula to address the biggest problem that those struggling with weight face, and most without even realizing it, and that’s “insulin sensitivity”. It’s very likely why some can eat and eat, and never gain weight; it’s what signals your body to either store fat or burn the fat.

The Bottom Line

Well …. There you have it, a formula that really works and is good for you?  It’s something that you’ll love taking every single day because plain and simple, it works and makes you feel great, and is also good for you too (177)In a multicenter randomized 13 week clinical trial supplementing with the key proprietary constituents in the Trim AM PM formula, participants lost 30.86 pounds versus only 11.02 pounds for the diet only group! And the female only participants lost an amazing 24.6 pounds versus 8.1 pounds with diet alone. Both groups followed 1,850 and 1,350 calorie diet daily for men and women respectively. Another way to look at this is the supplement group lost almost 300% more weight than the group that did not use supplement. That’s right 3 times the amount of weight was lost by the group that took the supplement versus the group that did not take the supplement.?

A diet pill that did not even start its life as a diet pill because it was formulated specifically focused on addressing the complaints that those challenged with weight face, every day, day-in and day-out.

The general sciences research team’s unwavering focus to address the issues in turn resulted in what arguably may be the most advanced, shall we call it, “high-speed diet pill that’s good for you” ever developed and offered to the public?  Maybe, just maybe, because of the way it was developed.  Maybe because of the genuine intention to all out focus on so many of the issues that those struggling with weight face every day.

… And maybe because those struggling with weight, so often struggle with quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, low energy levels, insulin sensitivity, mood fluctuations, fatigue, high blood pressure, cholesterol, uncontrollable cravings, headaches and so many of the other issues addressed earlier in this report.

That’s right, maybe because of the passion to make a difference in people’s lives that are struggling terribly every day.

Because of looking at the issue of weight in a unique way.  Not the old frustrating “status quo belief” that weight gain causes all these health-related issues, but address the issues first and weight-loss willfully cooperates!

Because of framing the issue differently, because of truly looking at the underlying causes of what happened in the last 30 years to cause weight challenges.

Bottom-line, because at general sciences our mission is to make customers into “raving fans“.

Because, when all is said and done, life is not measured, not by the change you accumulate in the bank, but by the bank of people’s lives you change.

…. Trim AM and Trim PM was born

And… Which is more… So steadfast in the belief that Trim AM PM must be used together, we make it almost impossible to buy one without the other. That’s right, we don’t want to just sell you a product but we want you to invest in a system that really works, Trim AM PM.

That’s right, because of the transparency of all the studies, the thoroughness of all the research, because of the commitment to you our CUSTOMER that we must  serve and earn your loyalty every day, we make this offer.

When you order Trim PM, you will also get Trim AM for half price, plus a free gift.

Finally an investment that you can truly feel great about, an investment in not only improving your life but all those loved-ones you touch every day.

And finally, maybe once and for all, get back in control.

And please, after today, respectfully, don’t ever say you were not given the chance to get your life back.

Because, today you’ve been given a chance, you’ve seen the studies, you looked at the research, you’ve seen the report.  You must admit at this point that the general sciences research team did the work and very thoroughly shared the science with you.  Now you have act, now you need to simply click Trim AM and get 50% off a bottle Trim PM, and in just a few days your journey begins.

A journey that may very well be the most exciting journey of your life.  A journey into a better life, free of so many of the terrible “thieves” that rob you of the quality life you and your family truly deserve.

When you order Trim PM, you will also get Trim AM for half price, plus a free gift.

Supplement Facts and Ingredients

ingredient-07-chromium

L-Tryptophan

L-Tryptophan is an amino acid found to be helpful for boosting melatonin levels and sleep (09)Bravo R, Matito S, Cubero J, et al. Tryptophan-enriched cereal intake improves nocturnal sleep, melatonin, serotonin, and total antioxidant capacity levels and mood in elderly humans. Age (Dordr). 2012 May 24 (11)Mishima K. Melatonin as a regulator of human sleep and circadian systems. Nihon Rinsho. 2012 Jul;70(7):1139-44. (13)Seif F, Patel SR, Walia H, et al. Association between obstructive sleep apnoea severity and endothelial dysfunction in an increased background of cardiovascular burden. J Sleep Res. 2013 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12026. (14)Garcia-Rio F, Alonso-Fernandez A, Armada E, et al. CPAP effect on recurrent episodes in patients with sleep apnea and myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2013 Jan 7 (15)Vitulano N, Di Marco Berardino A, Re A, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and heart disease: the biomarkers point of view.Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2013;5:588-99. (16)Schmidt HS. L-tryptophan in the treatment of impaired respiration in sleep. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1983 Nov-Dec;19(6):625-9. (17)Han F. Respiratory regulation in narcolepsy. Sleep Breath. 2012 Mar;16(1):241-5.. Also known as “the happiness hormone”, which shouldn’t be a surprise because during the daytime it also boosts serotonin levels, it is found to be helpful for reducing aggressive behavior (19)aan het Rot M, Moskowitz DS, Pinard G, Young SN. Social behaviour and mood in everyday life: the effects of tryptophan in quarrelsome individuals. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2006 Jul;31(4):253-62. (21)Wolkers CP, Serra M, Hoshiba MA, Urbinati EC. Dietary L-tryptophan alters aggression in juvenile matrinxa Brycon amazonicus. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2012 Jun;38(3):819-27. (22)Moskowitz DS, Pinard G, Zuroff DC, Annable L, Young SN. Tryptophan, serotonin and human social behavior. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2003;527:215-24. (23)Angoa-Perez M, Kane MJ, Briggs DI, et al. Genetic depletion of brain 5HT reveals a common molecular pathway mediating compulsivity and impulsivity. J Neurochem. 2012 Jun;121(6):974-84, depression, irritability (23)Angoa-Perez M, Kane MJ, Briggs DI, et al. Genetic depletion of brain 5HT reveals a common molecular pathway mediating compulsivity and impulsivity. J Neurochem. 2012 Jun;121(6):974-84 (24)Sa M, Ying L, Tang AG, Xiao LD, Ren YP. Simultaneous determination of tyrosine, tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptamine in serum of MDD patients by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Clin Chim Acta.2012 Jun 14;413(11-12):973-7., helping people dealing with feelings of hopelessness, sadness, and negative emotional processing (27)Feder A, Skipper J, Blair JR, et al. Tryptophan depletion and emotional processing in healthy volunteers at high risk for depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Apr 15;69(8):804-7. (28)Jaworska N, Thompson A, Shah D, Fisher D, Ilivitsky V, Knott V. Acute tryptophan depletion effects on the vertex and late positive potentials to emotional faces in individuals with a family history of depression. Neuropsychobiology.2012;65(1):28-40. (29)Murphy SE, Longhitano C, Ayres RE, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Tryptophan supplementation induces a positive bias in the processing of emotional material in healthy female volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Jul;187(1):121-30.. Studies reveal it to be helpful with PMS (33)Menkes DB, Coates DC, Fawcett JP. Acute tryptophan depletion aggravates premenstrual syndrome. J Affect Disord.1994 Sep;32(1):37-44. (34)Bond AJ, Wingrove J, Critchlow DG. Tryptophan depletion increases aggression in women during the premenstrual phase. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Aug;156(4):477-80. (35)Steinberg S, Annable L, Young SN, Liyanage N. A placebo-controlled clinical trial of L-tryptophan in premenstrual dysphoria. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Feb 1;45(3):313-20., weight loss (38)Heraief E, Burckhardt P, Wurtman JJ, Wurtman RJ. Tryptophan administration may enhance weight loss by some moderately obese patients on a protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) diet. Int J Eating Disord. 1985:4(3):281-92. (39)Cavaliere H, Medeiros-Neto G. The anorectic effect of increasing doses of L-tryptophan in obese patients. Eat Weight Disord. 1997 Dec;2(4):211-5. and portion control (39)Cavaliere H, Medeiros-Neto G. The anorectic effect of increasing doses of L-tryptophan in obese patients. Eat Weight Disord. 1997 Dec;2(4):211-5.. Studies reveal that obese individuals typically have low L-tryptophan levels (40)Breum L, Rasmussen MH, Hilsted J, Fernstrom JD. Twenty-four-hour plasma tryptophan concentrations and ratios are below normal in obese subjects and are not normalized by substantial weight reduction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1112-8. (41)Brandacher G, Hoeller E, Fuchs D, Weiss HG. Chronic immune activation underlies morbid obesity: is IDO a key player? Curr Drug Metab. 2007 Apr;8(3):289-95., and it helps with smoking withdrawal symptoms (43)Bowen DJ, Spring B, Fox E. Tryptophan and high-carbohydrate diets as adjuncts to smoking cessation therapy. J Behav Med 1991;14:97-110. pain control (44)Ceccherelli F, Diani MM, Altafini L, et al. Postoperative pain treated by intravenous L-tryptophan: a double-blind study versus placebo in cholecystectomized patients. Pain 1991;47:163-72. (45)Seltzer S, Stoch R, Marcus R, Jackson E. Alteration of human pain thresholds by nutritional manipulation and L-tryptophan supplementation. Pain 1982;13:385-93. (46)Mitchell MJ, Daines GE, Thomas BL. Effect of L-tryptophan and phenylalanine on burning pain threshold.Phys Ther 1987;67:203-5 (47)Stockstill JW, McCall WD Jr, Gross AJ, Piniewski B. The effect of L-tryptophan supplementation and dietary instruction on chronic myofascial pain. J Am Dent Assoc 1989;118:457-60. (48)Seltzer S, Dewart D, Pollack RL, Jackson E. The effects of dietary tryptophan on chronic maxillofacial pain and experimental pain tolerance. J Psychiatr Res 1982-1983;17:181-6. (49)Brady JP, Cheatle MD, Ball WA. A trial of L-tryptophan in chronic pain syndrome. Clin J Pain 1987;3:39-43., depression (50)Eccleston D. L-tryptophan and depressive illness: a valuable adjunct to therapy? Psychiatric Bulletin1993;17:223-4 (review) (51)Lindberg D, Ahlfors UG, Dencker SJ, et al. Symptom reduction in depression after treatment with L-tryptophan or imipramine. Item analysis of Hamilton rating scale for depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand1979;60:287-94. (52)Young SN. The clinical psychopharmacology of tryptophan. In Wurtman RJ, Wurtman JJ, eds. Nutrition and the Brain, Volume 7. New York: Raven Press, 1986, 49-88., improves mood in depressed people (53)Werbach MR. Nutritional influences on mental illness, 2nd ed. Tarzana, CA: Third Line Press, 1999, 266-67 (review). (54)Buist R: The therapeutic predictability of tryptophan and tyrosine in the treatment of depression. Int J Clin Nutr Rev 1983;3:1-3 (review)., anxiety (58)Iversen SD. 5-HT and anxiety. Neuropharmacology 1984;23:1553-60 (review). (59)Schruers K, Klaassen T, Pols H, et al. Effects of tryptophan depletion on carbon dioxide provoked panic in panic disorder patients. Psychiatry Res 2000;93:179-87. (60)Argyropoulos SV, Hood SD, Adrover M, et al. Tryptophan depletion reverses the therapeutic effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in social anxiety disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2004;56:503-9. (61)Hudson C, Hudson S, MacKenzie J. Protein-source tryptophan as an efficacious treatment for social anxiety disorder: a pilot study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;85:928-32. (62)Zang DX. A self body double blind clinical study of L-tryptophan and placebo in treated neurosis.Zhonghua Shen Jing Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi 1991;24:77-80,123-4 (in Chinese)., high blood pressure (63)Lehnert H, Beyer J. Cardiovascular and endocrine properties of L-tryptophan in combination with various diets. Adv Exp Med Biol 1991;294:407-16 (review). (64)Pop E, Anderson W, Prókai-Tátrai K, et al. Antihypertensive activity of redox derivatives of tryptophan. J Med Chem 1990;33:2216-21. (65)Lark LA, Witt PA, Becker KB, et al. Effect of dietary tryptophan on the development of hypertension in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. Clin Exp Hypertens A 1990;12:1-13 (66)Fregly MJ, Lockley OE, Cade JR. Effect of chronic dietary treatment with L-tryptophan on the development of renal hypertension in rats. Pharmacology 1988;36:91-100. (67)Lehnert H et al. (Note: Other authors’ names not found.) Effects of L-tryptophan on blood pressure in essential hypertensives. Clin Exp Theory Pract 1987;A9:208 (abstract). (68)Cade JR, Fregly MJ, Privette M. Effect of tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan on the blood pressure of patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Amino Acids 1992;2:133-42., and migraines (69)Kimball RW, Friedman AP, Vallejo E. Effect of serotonin in migraine patients. Neurology 1960;10:107-11. (70)Poloni M, Nappi G, Arrigo A, Savoldi F. Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid level in migrainous patients during spontaneous attacks, during headache-free periods and following treatment with L-tryptophan. Experientia 1974;30:640-1. (71)Kangasniemi P, Falck B, Langvik V-A, Hyyppa MT. Levotryptophan treatment in migraine. Headache1978;18:161-6. (72)Sicuteri F. The ingestion of serotonin precursors (L-5-hydroxytryptophan and L-tryptophan) improves migraine headache. Headache 1973;13:19-22. (73)Maissen CP, Ludin HP. Comparison of the effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan and propranolol in the interval treatment of migraine. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift /Journal Suisse de Medecine1991;121:1585-90 (in German). (74)Titus F, Davalos A, Alom J, Codina A. 5-hydroxytryptophan versus methysergide in the prophylaxis of migraine. Eur Neurol 1986;25:327-9. (75)Mathew NT. 5-hydroxytryptophan in the prophylaxis of migraine. Headache 1978;18:111-3. (76)De Benedittis G, Massei R. 5-HT precursors in migraine prophylaxis: A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo. Clin J Pain 1986;3:123-9. (77)Maissen CP, Ludin HP. Comparison of the effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan and propranolol in the interval treatment of migraine. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift /Journal Suisse de Medecine1991;121:1585-90 (in German)..

A remarkably interesting study, in fact, demonstrated a 49% increase in the length of a hard workout using an L-tryptophan supplement. Do you think that a 49% increase in the length of a hard workout could help burn some additional calories? That’s right. A 49% increase in the length of a hard workout using L-tryptophan (36)Javierre C, Segura R, Ventura JL, Suarez A, Roses JM. L-tryptophan supplementation can decrease fatigue perception during an aerobic exercise with supramaximal intercalated anaerobic bouts in young healthy men. Int J Neurosci. 2010 May;120(5):319-27. (37)Segura R, Ventura JL. Effect of L-tryptophan supplementation on exercise performance. Int J Sports Med. 1988 Oct;9(5):301-5.. In another study, runners ran a half a kilometer more (36)Javierre C, Segura R, Ventura JL, Suarez A, Roses JM. L-tryptophan supplementation can decrease fatigue perception during an aerobic exercise with supramaximal intercalated anaerobic bouts in young healthy men. Int J Neurosci. 2010 May;120(5):319-27. (37)Segura R, Ventura JL. Effect of L-tryptophan supplementation on exercise performance. Int J Sports Med. 1988 Oct;9(5):301-5. just by taking L-tryptophan.

Niacin, Niacinamide (Vitamin B 3)

Although niacin is probably most commonly used to lower cholesterol and triglycerides (118)Click Here, niacin interacts with L-tryptophan and works with the adrenal gland to make stress reducing hormones, in turn helping the body relax. Niacin works with L-tryptophan, which is important for sleep, and if niacin levels are low, L-tryptophan will manufacture niacin in a 60 to 1 ratio (119)Fukuwatari T, Ohta M, Kimtjra N, Sasaki R, Shibata K. Conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in Japanese women fed a purified diet conforming to the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 2004;50(6):385-91., potentially negating L-tryptophan benefits.

ingredient-vitamin-d3
ingredient-06-Glucosamine

Melatonin

In an article in ScienceDaily, September 25, 2013, a summary of a study using melatonin said “Spanish scientists have discovered that melatonin consumption helps control weight gain because it stimulates the appearance of “beige fat” a type of fat cell that burns calories instead of storing them. White adipose tissue stores calories leading to weight gain whereas “beige fat” (also known as “good or thinning fat”) helps regulate body weight control, hence its metabolic benefits.” Melatonin’s ability to control weight may very possibly be linked to its ability to help people from developing type II diabetes.

A study demonstrated that lower melatonin secretion was associated with a higher risk of developing type II diabetes. According to a study entitled Melatonin Secretion And Incidence Of Type II Diabetes, women that had the highest category of melatonin secretion had an estimated diabetes rate of 4.27 cases per thousand person-years, compared with 9.27 cases per thousand person-years for those in the lowest category of melatonin secretion (169)JAMA. 2013 Apr 3;309(13):1388-96. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.2710..

Magnesium

is involved in more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body and is the second most abundant intracellular cation. Magnesium is used to communicate between various parts in your body and is a very important cofactor for many enzymatic reactions, (85)Altura BM. Basic biochemistry and physiology of magnesium: A brief review. Magnes Trace Elem. 1991;10:167–71. (PubMed abstract) most importantly, those involved with energy metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis (86)Morris ME. Brain and CSF magnesium concentrations during magnesium deficit in animals and humans: Neurological symptoms.Magnes Res. 1992;5:303–13..

Magnesium is one of the most researched vitamins or minerals. A simple MEDLINE search turns up over 85,000 published papers, over 25,000 human studies, about 2000 studies a year, and almost 10,000 published studies in the last 5 years.

Magnesium deficiency is a big problem for many societies, for the elderly and obese (87)Galan P, Preziosi P, Durlach V, Valeix P, Ribas L, Bouzid D, et al. Dietary magnesium intake in a French adult population. Magnes.1997;10:321–8 (88)Ford ES. Race, education, and dietary cations: Findings from the Third National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey. Ethn Dis.1998;8:10–20. (89)Pennington JA, Schoen SA. Total diet study: Estimated dietary intakes of nutritional elements, 1982-1991. Int J Vitam Nutr Res.1996;66:350–62. (PubMed abstract) (90)20. Data tables: Combined results from USDA’s 1994 and 1995.Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and 1994 and 1995 Health Knowledge Survey (database on the Internet) 1995. 2012. (Last cited in 2010 Jul 9, Last accessed on 2012 Jul 8). Available from: LINK. (91)21. Ford ES, Mokdad AH. Dietary magnesium intake in a national sample of US adults. J Nutr. 2003;133:2879–82. (PubMed abstract) (92)22. Vaquero MP. Magnesium and trace elements in the elderly: Intake, status and recommendations. J Nutr Health Aging. 2002;6:147–53. (PubMed abstract) (93)23. Berner YN, Stern F, Polyak Z, Dror Y. Dietary intake analysis in institutionalized elderly: A focus on nutrient density. J Nutr Health Aging. 2002;6:237–42. (PubMed abstract) (94)24. Padro L, Benacer R, Foix S, Maestre E, Murillo S, Sanvicens E, et al. Assessment of dietary adequacy for an elderly population based on a Mediterranean model. J Nutr Health Aging. 2002;6:31–3. (PubMed abstract) (95)25. Hunt CD, Johnson LK. Magnesium requirements: New estimations for men and women by cross-sectional statistical analyses of metabolic magnesium balance data. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:843–52. (PubMed abstract), and magnesium is beneficial in the metabolism of glucose (98)Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomized, double-blind study. Mag Res 2003;16:183-91. (PubMed abstract) (99)Larsson SC, Wolk A. Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. J Intern Med 2007;262:208-14. (PubMed abstract), and  insulin resistance (100)Rodriguez-Moran M, Simental Mendia LE, Zambrano Galvan G, Guerrero-Romero F. The role of magnesium in type 2 diabetes: a brief based-clinical review. Magnes Res 2011;24:156-62.. A 100 mg increase daily was found to reduce the risk of developing type II diabetes (102)Rude RK. Magnesium. In: Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, Ziegler TR, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 11th ed. Baltimore, Mass: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012:159-75. (103)Larsson SC, Wolk A. Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. J Intern Med 2007;262:208-14. (PubMed abstract), without the help with osteoporosis (107)Holland S, Silberstein SD, Freitag F, Dodick DW, Argoff C, Ashman E. Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDs and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults. Neurology 2012;78:1346-53. (PubMed abstract) (108)Rude RK, Singer FR, Gruber HE. Skeletal and hormonal effects of magnesium deficiency. J Am Coll Nutr 2009;28:131–41. (PubMed abstract) (109)Mutlu M, Argun M, Kilic E, Saraymen R, Yazar S. Magnesium, zinc and copper status in osteoporotic, osteopenic and normal post-menopausal women. J Int Med Res 2007;35:692-5. (PubMed abstract), and migraines (104)Schulze MB, Schulz M, Heidemann C, Schienkiewitz A, Hoffmann K, Boeing H. Fiber and magnesium intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:956–65. (PubMed abstract) (105)Sun-Edelstein C, Mauskop A. Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraine. Expert Rev Neurother 2009;9:369–79 (PubMed abstract) (106)Schürks M, Diener H-C, Goadsby P. Update on the prophylaxis of migraine. Cur Treat Options Neurol 2008;10:20–9. (PubMed abstract). Magnesium deficiency has been found to be the cause of insulin resistance (114)Resnick LM, “Ionic basis of hypertension, insulin resistance, vascular disease, and related disorders. The mechanism of Syndrome X.” Am J Hypertens, vol. 6, no. 5, pt. 1, pp. 413–417, 1993., and magnesium deprived animals become insulin resistant (115)Resnick LM, “The cellular ionic basis of hypertension and allied clinical conditions.” Prog Cardiovasc Dis, vol. 42, pp. 1–22, 1999..

ingredient-magnesium
ingredient-08-Vanadium

Vitamin C

Being is well-known as an antioxidant, and many take it for colds. However, vitamin C is necessary for the manufacturing of serotonin by the body, according to Dr. Michael J Norden in his book “Beyond Prozac”. According to a study on the relationship between depression and Vitamin C, Vitamin C is recognized as a “cofactor” for the conversion of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan and then to serotonin and melatonin production (151)Prerana Gupta, Sanchit Tiwari, Jigar Haria. Relationship Between Depression and Vitamin C Status: A Study on Rural Patients From Western Uttar Pradesh in India”. International Journal of Scientifi c Study. 2014;1(4):37-39..

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 is a very important cofactor to magnesium but also helps with deep REM sleep (121)Ebben M, Lequerica A, Spielman A. Effects of pyridoxine on dreaming: a preliminary study. Percept Mot Skills. 2002;94(1):135-40..

ingredient-06-Glucosamine
ingredient-vitamin-k2

Zinc

Zinc is a very important cofactor especially relating to magnesium and Vitamin D, but it also stands on its own as a very important constituent to help with the battle of the bulge.

In a randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled, study published in the Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 60 participants ages 18- 45 were given either 30 mg of zinc gluconate or a placebo for one month. The participants’ results were, and I quote from the researchers, “The results of this study indicated that 1-month supplementation of zinc gluconate, 30 mg a day in obese male and female adults, resulted in a remarkable reduction in weight and BMI indices.”

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References and Citations

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  2. Sandyk R. L-tryptophan in neuropsychiatric disorders: a review. Int J Neurosci. 1992 Nov-Dec;67(1-4):127-44.
  3. Russo S, Kema IP, Bosker F, Haavik J, Korf J. Tryptophan as an evolutionarily conserved signal to brain serotonin: molecular evidence and psychiatric implications. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2009;10(4):258-68.
  4. Capuron L, Schroecksnadel S, Feart C, et al. Chronic low-grade inflammation in elderly persons is associated with altered tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism: role in neuropsychiatric symptoms. Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Jul 15;70(2):175-82.
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  9. Bravo R, Matito S, Cubero J, et al. Tryptophan-enriched cereal intake improves nocturnal sleep, melatonin, serotonin, and total antioxidant capacity levels and mood in elderly humans. Age (Dordr). 2012 May 24
  10. Peuhkuri K, Sihvola N, Korpela R. Diet promotes sleep duration and quality. Nutr Res. 2012 May;32(5):309-19
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  13. Seif F, Patel SR, Walia H, et al. Association between obstructive sleep apnoea severity and endothelial dysfunction in an increased background of cardiovascular burden. J Sleep Res. 2013 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12026.
  14. Garcia-Rio F, Alonso-Fernandez A, Armada E, et al. CPAP effect on recurrent episodes in patients with sleep apnea and myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2013 Jan 7
  15. Vitulano N, Di Marco Berardino A, Re A, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and heart disease: the biomarkers point of view.Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2013;5:588-99.
  16. Schmidt HS. L-tryptophan in the treatment of impaired respiration in sleep. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1983 Nov-Dec;19(6):625-9.
  17. Han F. Respiratory regulation in narcolepsy. Sleep Breath. 2012 Mar;16(1):241-5.
  18. Moskowitz DS, Pinard G, Zuroff DC, Annable L, Young SN. The effect of tryptophan on social interaction in everyday life: a placebo-controlled study. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Aug;25(2):277-89.
  19. aan het Rot M, Moskowitz DS, Pinard G, Young SN. Social behaviour and mood in everyday life: the effects of tryptophan in quarrelsome individuals. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2006 Jul;31(4):253-62.
  20. Winberg S, Overli O, Lepage O. Suppression of aggression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by dietary L-tryptophan. J Exp Biol. 2001 Nov;204(Pt 22):3867-76.
  21. Wolkers CP, Serra M, Hoshiba MA, Urbinati EC. Dietary L-tryptophan alters aggression in juvenile matrinxa Brycon amazonicus. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2012 Jun;38(3):819-27.
  22. Moskowitz DS, Pinard G, Zuroff DC, Annable L, Young SN. Tryptophan, serotonin and human social behavior. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2003;527:215-24.
  23. Angoa-Perez M, Kane MJ, Briggs DI, et al. Genetic depletion of brain 5HT reveals a common molecular pathway mediating compulsivity and impulsivity. J Neurochem. 2012 Jun;121(6):974-84
  24. Sa M, Ying L, Tang AG, Xiao LD, Ren YP. Simultaneous determination of tyrosine, tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptamine in serum of MDD patients by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Clin Chim Acta.2012 Jun 14;413(11-12):973-7.
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  27. Feder A, Skipper J, Blair JR, et al. Tryptophan depletion and emotional processing in healthy volunteers at high risk for depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Apr 15;69(8):804-7.
  28. Jaworska N, Thompson A, Shah D, Fisher D, Ilivitsky V, Knott V. Acute tryptophan depletion effects on the vertex and late positive potentials to emotional faces in individuals with a family history of depression. Neuropsychobiology.2012;65(1):28-40.
  29. Murphy SE, Longhitano C, Ayres RE, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Tryptophan supplementation induces a positive bias in the processing of emotional material in healthy female volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Jul;187(1):121-30.
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  33. Menkes DB, Coates DC, Fawcett JP. Acute tryptophan depletion aggravates premenstrual syndrome. J Affect Disord.1994 Sep;32(1):37-44.
  34. Bond AJ, Wingrove J, Critchlow DG. Tryptophan depletion increases aggression in women during the premenstrual phase. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Aug;156(4):477-80.
  35. Steinberg S, Annable L, Young SN, Liyanage N. A placebo-controlled clinical trial of L-tryptophan in premenstrual dysphoria. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Feb 1;45(3):313-20.
  36. Javierre C, Segura R, Ventura JL, Suarez A, Roses JM. L-tryptophan supplementation can decrease fatigue perception during an aerobic exercise with supramaximal intercalated anaerobic bouts in young healthy men. Int J Neurosci. 2010 May;120(5):319-27.
  37. Segura R, Ventura JL. Effect of L-tryptophan supplementation on exercise performance. Int J Sports Med. 1988 Oct;9(5):301-5.
  38. Heraief E, Burckhardt P, Wurtman JJ, Wurtman RJ. Tryptophan administration may enhance weight loss by some moderately obese patients on a protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) diet. Int J Eating Disord. 1985:4(3):281-92.
  39. Cavaliere H, Medeiros-Neto G. The anorectic effect of increasing doses of L-tryptophan in obese patients. Eat Weight Disord. 1997 Dec;2(4):211-5.
  40.  Breum L, Rasmussen MH, Hilsted J, Fernstrom JD. Twenty-four-hour plasma tryptophan concentrations and ratios are below normal in obese subjects and are not normalized by substantial weight reduction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1112-8.
  41. Brandacher G, Hoeller E, Fuchs D, Weiss HG. Chronic immune activation underlies morbid obesity: is IDO a key player? Curr Drug Metab. 2007 Apr;8(3):289-95.
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